Types of Assets

Already Tokenized Assets

Real Estate

Real estate is one of the most established categories of tokenized assets. Commercial and residential properties have been tokenized to allow fractional ownership, making real estate investment more accessible. The global real estate market is valued at approximately $326.5 trillion, with on-chain tokenized real estate accounting for around $200 billion, reflecting the growing adoption of this asset class.

Commodities

Commodities such as gold, silver, oil, and agricultural products have been tokenized, allowing digital ownership and trading of these physical assets. The total market value of gold is about $11.5 trillion, with tokenized gold assets representing around $5 billion on-chain. The broader commodities market, including oil and agricultural products like wheat and corn, is valued at several trillion dollars, with tokenized assets estimated at $1.5 billion on-chain.

Treasury Bills (T-Bills)

Treasury bills (T-Bills) have also been tokenized, providing a digital method for investors to access these low-risk, short-term government securities. The global market for T-Bills is valued at approximately $5 trillion, with tokenized T-Bills representing about $50 billion on-chain, enhancing liquidity and accessibility.

Art and Collectibles

High-value art and collectibles have entered the tokenization space, allowing investors to own fractional shares of masterpieces and rare items. The global art market is worth approximately $64 billion, with tokenized art assets making up around $1 billion of that value on-chain. Collectibles, including rare wines, vintage cars, and sports memorabilia, add another estimated $10 billion to the off-chain market, with tokenized versions contributing about $500 million on-chain.

Emerging and Future Tokenized Assets

Intellectual Property

Intellectual property (IP), including patents, trademarks, and copyrights, is in the early stages of tokenization. The global IP market is valued at over $6 trillion, but tokenized IP assets are still nascent, with only a few million dollars currently represented on-chain. As the legal and technological frameworks evolve, this market is poised for significant growth.

Energy Assets

Energy assets, such as renewable energy credits and carbon credits, are beginning to be tokenized. The global market for carbon credits is estimated at $272 billion, with tokenized assets currently valued at around $50 million on-chain. Renewable energy credits, part of a $2 trillion market, are also being explored for tokenization, which could streamline trading and compliance processes.

Financial Instruments

Traditional financial instruments, including bonds and equities, are starting to be tokenized to enhance liquidity and broaden investor access. The global bond market is worth over $128 trillion, and the equity market is approximately $95 trillion. Tokenized versions of these instruments are still emerging, with on-chain values estimated at $10 billion for bonds and $5 billion for equities.

Supply Chain Assets

Tokenization of supply chain assets, including inventory and trade finance instruments, is an emerging trend to improve transparency and efficiency. The global supply chain finance market is valued at around $3 trillion, with tokenized assets currently representing a small fraction, estimated at $1 billion on-chain. As blockchain adoption increases, this market segment is expected to grow substantially.